Auxiliaries, details, start-up/ shut down, operation/ control, emergencies, BED....

Although many final details beyond the key design specs and operating conditions are to be filled in by process engineers, there are aspects that still fall under the primary responsibility of the reactor designer. These aspects are usually not addressed by most computer models. Addressing these aspects early, with the right solutions to these issues helps avoid project delays and safety issues in a running plant

These include reactor safety: It’s not just addressing reactor instability that may cause temperature runaway, but also potential Deflagration and detonation that may lead to serious safety consequences in a running plant

Plant-wide engineering solution visualization

Also included are

  • Inlet/ exit nozzles, cone/ dome designs
  • Fluid/ solids distributor designs
  • Multi-stage feed injections when necessary
  • Potential foaming problem
  • Fines build-up
  • Line/ distributor depositions, plugging
  • Selection of particle size and shape in packed beds
  • Stagnant zones/ hot spots
  • Assuring packing uniformity
  • Catalyst/ particle lumping/ agglomeration
  • Soot formation
  • Internals/ cooling coils fouling/ coking/ erosion
  • Cooling coil/ bank layout, detailed design
  • Catalyst fouling/ coking/ attrition
  • Lines/ bends erosion
  • Pneumatic/ circulation line choking/ blockage
  • Fluid-solid circulation lines for adequate capacity
  • Reactor-Regenerator (dual bed system) coupling - on-off line/ batch or continuous
  • Pneumatic/ circulation line, bend designs
  • Cyclones - internal or external?
  • Cooling – internal or external?
  • Catalyst separation/ filter/ settler/ circulation loop
  • Circulation loop pressure balance
  • Return lines/ dip leg/ aeration ports designs
  • Sensors/ probes orientation, distribution and locations
  • Temperature/ pressure set points and controls
  • Emergency/ blanketing measures
  • Start-up and shut-down procedures
  • BED package

We perform gap analysis to prioritize the areas according to the effort needed for a specific job at hand. We do what-if analysis to determine what may go wrong after a reactor is in operation, and its safety and emissions. We do so-what analysis to establish the process economics

Gap and what-if analysis of reactor performance scenarios