...environment / CO₂ / PTF, energy, coal / biomass,
catalysts, chemicals,
petrochemicals, minerals, net-zero, emerging technologies, precious metals recovery
Surrogate compounds must be used for difficult-to-characterize (termed non-stoichiometric here) feed or reactants of petroleum, coal and biomass conversion processes. The Smart-Pack built-in data bases of both reaction mechanisms/ chemistries and Thermophysical properties include an extensive list of these compounds for prompt data analysis, development and designs of these processes.
The complex mechanism and kinetics of pyrolysis of coal of different ranks from anthracite to bituminous to lignite, has been studied at length and documented by a DIFREX team member in a book chapter on the subject.
Clear guidelines to account for the phenomena of vitrification, flash, rapid, intermediate and slow pyrolysis of coal that lead to distinctly different gas to liquid product ratios are provided. These guidelines and principles can be very helpful in biomass conversion process development and designs.
Performance simulation of an FCC reactor for Gas oil conversion has been successfully carried out using surrogate compounds for Gasoil, gasoline, dry gas, LPG and coke
Successful applications of fundamental principles of reaction engineering, instead of pure empiricism, to typical petroleum, coal and biomass conversion processes have been demonstrated
